Feasibility Study on Policy Options for the Expansion of Paid Parental Leave in Thailand

Detailed description of project Back

This feasibility study aims to support the Royal Thai Government in identifying viable policy options for expanding paid parental leave in Thailand. It responds to the growing recognition of the benefits of parental leave for child development, parental well-being, workplace productivity, and gender equality. The study acknowledges that effective implementation requires coordination among individuals, employers, and the government.

Key aspects under review include the optimal duration and compensation levels of parental leave, with evidence suggesting that wage replacement rates of at least 80% are necessary to encourage uptake and address gender disparities. Flexibility in leave-taking, such as part-time or intermittent leave, is also important, as are complementary working conditions like emergency leave and job protection for both mothers and fathers. The study emphasizes the need for balanced financing mechanisms that consider contributions from the government, employers, and workers.

Given that over 99% of businesses in Thailand are MSMEs and more than half of the labor force is in the informal sector, proposed policies must be inclusive and adaptable. Examples from other countries, such as Mongolia, demonstrate how universal maternity protection can be achieved through a mix of mandatory and voluntary schemes, inclusive cash benefits, and accessible service delivery systems.

Ultimately, the study will offer practical policy options tailored to the Thai context to ensure that all women and men—whether in formal or informal employment—can access meaningful parental leave benefits.

Type of services provided

• Conduct a comprehensive review of parental leave policies, international examples, and sectoral challenges in Thailand, and define the study’s approach through consultations and an inception report.
• Assess the feasibility, costs, and institutional arrangements of various parental leave options through in-depth research and multi-stakeholder consultations.
• Prepare a draft report with key findings and recommendations, supported by presentation materials, and gather feedback from stakeholders.
• Incorporate feedback, finalize and translate the report and policy brief, and prepare all materials for public dissemination in English and Thai.

Key Personnel Provided:

• International Social Protection Expert / Team Leader: 49 w/d
• Social Protection Financing Expert: 30.5 w/d
• National Social Protection Expert: 25.5 w/d
• Local Experts (2) : 54 w/d